So, after only four months I have managed to patch up a review containing my thoughts on the album. I hope you enjoy it.
I think we are all intelligent enough that we don't need a disclaimer at this point. It is obvious that what follows is my own personal opinion, and I know that I am reading into things the band never intended to be read this way. But if an album is to be listened to as a whole, I can't help but reflect on what I heard while I hear something else, so I don't see a need to refrain from tying together the many loose ends I see. I also don't need to point out that I ask nobody to agree with me, but simply hope to open to you new perspectives which may help you appreciate this outstanding collection of music more.
Iron Maiden - The Final Frontier
A search for and reflection of its message
There is a fragment of a poem by the Spartan poet Tyrtaios (flourished c. 650 BCE) which reads: "You should reach the limits of virtue before you cross the border of death." This piece of lyric carries the rather unpoetic title "Fragment Tyrt.11D", but I have once read it as "Frontiers".
In Tyrtaios' world, dedicating your life to virtue would mean putting it in service of a greater cause. As a wise man whom mankind encountered beyond the final frontier once put it in his dying breath, "The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few." Certainly, this was the spirit which defined Sparta for what it was, but was Tyrtaios right in thinking that the limit of virtue is the final frontier to cross before you fulfill the meaning of your life? And what does all this have to do with Iron Maiden?
A record with the title "The Final Frontier" begs a Star Trek reference, and I made it. But to look beyond that, does it explore the theme suggested by the title adequately and exhaustively, or is it full of empty flesh and hollow bones?
With the title track put right at the beginning, the album throws us into a Science Fiction story that combines the idea of the final frontier from Star Trek with the age-old one of death. I like the idea of the character in this song being the same one as in the openers from the past two albums. Hailing from a world of awfully cheesy song title puns, he made his wildest dreams come true and entered a different world where he encounters the final frontier. The lyrics of the former songs already suggest that the outcome of your actions lies in your own hands. Our character went the way of Icarus, as he acknowledges himself, but carries on the spirit he was led by to the very end. A nice comparison can be made to one of my favourite songs, Bravado by Rush (from the 1991 album, Roll the Bones), the chorus of which goes we will pay the price, but we will not count the cost. Space Man in this sense reached the limits of virtue, and now he is ready to enter the realms of death, but it remains unclear what exactly the final frontier is - is it space which he dared to enter, is it death which he is prepared to meet, or is it even something else?
Iron Maiden choose to let us ponder, and instead now give us one of the greatest intros to a song I have ever heard. El Dorado leads us back into our own world of make-believe and deception. A clever banker gives us some insight into his world of thought, and openly admits that he abuses the naivety and blue-eyedness of those around him. Who's to blame? In theory, those deceived were treated so by their own free will... which may not quite be said of the protagonist of the next song, Mother of Mercy, a man who was thrown into a conflict he himself has no say in. Ordered to kill and told that it is right, he wonders how this matches with the idea of mercy he was brought up with. He spent his life being guided by a belief he did not properly understand himself. He did not stop to think for himself what the messages he was confronted mean, but chose to let others tell him. Now he sits there, in war, lost and lonely, waiting for answers that were never given to him.
Whatever the name of the war in this song is does not matter. We can assume that it took place at one of the borders that Bruce now passes easily in his aeroplane, that seem so tiny and insignificant and most of all, artificial. They are man-made, whereas the sky above them belongs to all and none. Can the feeling of home be defined by lines drawn on a map? And do you need to choose between loving your home and embracing the whole world? Coming Home clearly states that we live in one and the same world, and yet no ground under your feet feels like the one you come home to, be it ancient Albion or elsewhere.
The frontiers we are faced with are not the ones drawn on maps, as we have seen, but they are within us. Being faced with limits and finding ways to overcome them, such is the history of mankind. The power that gives us these abilities is knowledge, and the ones driving history forward in its substance are the ones who possess knowledge. The Alchemist tells us of one of these men, Dr Dee, and the limits that even the greatest minds are faced with - possession of knowledge is not all, you need to properly use it, and pass it to others. Knowledge is not there to put yourself over others, because that evokes jealousy and rejection... of you and your knowledge. Knowledge is a means, not an end.
The greatest foe of knowledge is the human mind, which is stubborn, and often closed. Many human beings choose the path of belief over that of knowledge. Belief is a force of great triumph, but also one of terrible destruction. If it had not been for the bright minds of history, and the necessity to overcome the limitations imposed on us by nature, we would still live in caves, or perhaps not live at all. But one thing that brought mankind forward in its early stages was not the victory over nature, but the cooperation with it. There is a pact, a treaty, that all living beings make with their environment, in which they take what they need from what the environment provides, but not more, and return what they can give themselves. Mankind broke that treaty at some point, allowing itself to break out of the limits they were previously confined to, but as history will no doubt teach us if we carry on this way, only temporarily. That is what Isle of Avalon attempts to tell us. Maybe the riff echoed from No More Lies reminds us that indeed, we should stop lying to ourselves and return to the spirit of our ancestors, who treated Earth as their Mother. A healthy person leaves the lap of his mother at some point to grow up. The path away from infancy is leaving the nest and taking the lessons of the past with you. If you don't know what I'm getting at, reconsider the more mundane interpretations of the album title and the theme the album opened with.
Still entangled in the mists of Avalon, and with a curious taste of sweet apples on our tongue, we have passed the album's half time, and now, we start to get an idea of where Iron Maiden are taking us. Reflecting on what we have heard so far, we have been faced with limits and frontiers that were drawn on maps and are imposed on us by others. We are faced with the limits of our natural environment and with that of our limited lifetime. But even if we emancipate ourselves from the need for limited ressources, and even if we extended our lifetime indefinitely, the one frontier that is always prevalent lies within ourselves. It is our own mind that is seduced and deluded with jealousy and belief. We believe to know. But as the soldier in Mother of Mercy already realised, we do not even know what we believe. Faith is a tragedy, and nowhere is that more apparent than in the stories of those who dedicated their lives to overcoming all the limits imposed on them, but failed not for their own incapability, but the neglect and opposition of those who stand around them. And those who succeeded in developing their ideas and passing them on to others always failed to stimulate the people's desire for knowledge, and in the end only satisfied their need for belief. Moses, Zarathustra, Siddartha Gautama, Jesus Christ, Muhammad and more recently, people like Karl Marx were immensely bright individuals who had the courage to counter the beliefs of their peers with new, radical ideas that overthrew the structures as they were. But even they failed to get the masses to think and reflect; ultimately, all of them were remembered not as spirits who extended margins and broke through limits, but as prophets of a new religion that in the end differed only very little from the other ones. It is in these transitions that the great potential of the human mind goes to waste. Single individuals point out the potentials and guide them to the stars, but mankind is always blinded by them, becoming Starblind. The track points out the waste of potential that is beyond our grasp in a lyrical perfection unmatched in the world of rock and metal, making it the centrepiece of the album to me. All the messages and thoughts that have been developed and uttered so far run together here. They combine the messages to be read from the history of mankind and the world with music of unworldly beauty, creating a masterpiece of artistic and philosophical aesthetics that remind me of no less than Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey. Yes, people, I am in love with this song.
The question begs itself, what is there left to say? Could the album just tie itself up now and go? Or is there still anything substantial left to add in the 29 minutes running time left?
The Talisman beautifully illustrates what has been said before. It tells a story in which the courage of overcoming limits is backstabbed by the limits it failed to overcome- those of belief. For all the material and mental preparations, the narrator's quest fails because he relied on his faith in a talisman, a dumb object that has no power of its own, and is so worthless that the lyrics don't even bother to define it closer. The song does not add anything new to what we have worked out so far, but as I said, it is a powerful illustration. The same goes for The Man Who Would be King, which takes us into the mind of a person who has left the path of reason and is so deluded by beliefs imposed on him and developed by himself that he even kills a person over them. Having committed the cardinal sin, he starts realising that he has been on the wrong path for way too long, but like the soldier in Mother of Mercy, his enlightenment comes too late.
As the beautifully soft intro of the last song on the album starts, I think I have made my point on what I think this album is about. To me, Iron Maiden have fulfilled their promise of exploring the theme of the final frontier and pointed out that it is not space or death, but the human mind. Space is no more of a frontier than the sky or a mountain range is. Mankind has managed to overcome these limits, and it will in time be able to cross the frontier to space as well. Death is not a frontier of significance, because what happens to us after we die is of no importance to the lives we lead now. Religions will have us believe the opposite, and that is why they are such a powerful contributor to the upholding of the final frontier. Our own mind is the strongest enemy we face, and When the Wild Wind Blows shows that if we only implant an idea into our mind, no matter how absurd or lethal, it will stay with us and eventually has the potential to lead to our demise.
The virtue of Tyrtaios' world may have been subordinance to and defence of the social and material world, but the virtues we need today are subordinance to and defence of reason. Only if we have contributed in the way possible to us individually, to the benefit of mankind and its ultimate goal, which again Rush have summed up as learning and growing, have we crossed the final frontier.