Iraq was formed out of a part of the former Ottoman Empire following the First World War, and was effectively a British colony. Many of these colonial countries were controlled by the Europeans only indirectly, by empowering a minority group in the population that was willing to take the promise of power and became loyal to the colonial overlords. These elites remained in power after the country's independence - Saddam was the last in this line. The same happened in Rwanda with the Tutsi. In Iraq, these were the non-Shi'ite Arabs. I'm not only saying Sunnite Arabs, because all the Christian Arabs in the country were included there as well - Chaldaeans, Assyrians and others. It was only after the 2003 invasion that this elite got deposed, and now elements of these are trying to return with a vengeance. And this has the potential to get really ugly. And I haven't even talked about the Kurds yet.