Lots of stuff
Let me just do a few famous ones:
Hollandse Nieuwe, "new" raw herring
Gerookte paling, smoked eel
A
frikandel with french fries
A chocolate letter, a typical Dutch candy, a
Sinterklaas present given to children, the first letter of the child's name made out of chocolate, supposedly thrown down the chimney by a
Zwarte Piet or
Sinterklaas himself
Appeltaart, Dutch apple pie
Oliebollen, a Dutch pastry eaten on New Year's Eve
Stroopwafels
I forgot to mention another famous one: Stamppot!
Stamppot (eng. "mash pot") is a traditional Dutch dish made from a combination of potatoes mashed with one or several other vegetables, sometimes also with bacon. These vegetable pairings traditionally include sauerkraut, endive, kale, spinach, turnip greens, or carrot and onion (the latter combination is known as hutspot). It is usually served with smoked sausage or stewed meat. Stamppot can be purchased premade from shops and supermarkets. It can also be ordered in cafe style restaurants.
The origin of stamppot is unknown but it is a widely known Dutch dish and can be a cheap, hearty and filling meal.
Example:
Boerenkoolstamppot, with
rookworst
And barszcz and bigos of course.