The obvious one for me is Blackstar by Bowie. Just over 41 minutes and every song is awesome. It's such a well made concise album even with a 10 minute title track. Fits the theme too. If this was really written as his farewell message, it makes sense that he would want to keep it to the point. Great album.
I know a lot of the more hardcore Immortal fans weren't into it, but I really enjoyed the debut Abbath album. 48 minutes. It's pretty catchy/accessible for a black metal record but I find every song really enjoyable.
Borknagar - Winter Thrice (49 minutes): Gotta give
@Night Prowler a shout out for getting me into this band. Winter Thrice is some of the best folk metal I've ever heard. Really love how the vocalists alternate.
Tame Impala - Currents (50 minutes): Barely makes the cut. Really solid rock album with some electronic shades. Almost every song can very easily get stuck in your head.
Foo Fighters - Sonic Highways (42 minutes): Surprisingly this one actually contains some of the longer Foos tunes, but it feels very concise. Only 8 songs but they all have their own style and identity, as reflected by the recording in different locations concept. I give an album bonus points when it has a purpose when listened to in full. Even more impressive when it can get to that purpose in a short amount of time (also see Blackstar).
Sabaton - Heroes (44 minutes): Does this even need explaining?
Septicflesh - Titan (45 minutes): One of the greatest metal/orchestra combinations I've ever heard. This album is intense and relentless. Any longer and my head could explode.
All from the past 3 years. I tried to stick with rock and metal because the 40-50 minute format is still pretty common in other genres, to the point where it would be a waste of time to name all the great ones.